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生活百科
[1/3/10] 无照包商 查获要判刑 加州一项元旦生效的新法案,引起不少无照的华人装修营建包商惊恐,但有些人仍老神在在,预料明年起借用其他包商执照的情形会增多。 2010年生效的AB370法案,规定无照提供装修营建服务者为轻罪,首犯可被罚5000元或六个月徒刑。再犯每次增加半年徒刑,罚款5000元或合同总额的20%,两者中取较高者。 来自渖阳的丁姓装修师傅指出,他曾参加过唐山大地震重建工程,但因英文程度太差,无法通过包商考试,只好成为无照包商。他担心新法生效後,寻求合理报酬的空间更小。 17岁即从木工做起的林师傅也说,英文不好,根本不敢去考包商执照。新法明年生效後,真不晓得如何因应。但他发现,很多同业根本不知道有这项法令。 建筑师甄松柏说,过去监管包商的「加州包商执照委员会」(The contractors state License Board)鑑於无照包商太泛滥,影响消费者权益,一度提出类似做法,但并未严格执行。 但有照包商需购买劳工伤残保险与其他保险,承揽工程开价不便宜,华裔在精打细算下,自然让无照包商有机可乘。 「加州包商执照委员会」有关人员指出,无照包商不能承揽工钱及材料费加起来超过500元的装修营建工作。如果承揽超过此门槛的工作,即为非法承包。他们通常缺乏信用,且发生工程诈骗机率较高。对需购买保险、担保金等有照包商来说,无照包商也是不公平竞争。 估计无照包商每年从事400亿至600亿元的工程,让政府税收减少,因此该委员会成立一个调查诈骗小组,专门在加州各工地上突袭检查,避免无照包商向民众诈骗。 华人分类广告的装修营建广告,充斥着没有执照或借用别人执照的包商广告。 有些执照过期,但大部分消费者不会认真查证,除非发生争议。此外,也有小包商钻某些小装修工作不须执照的漏洞,只到市府登记,即宣称拥有包商执照。 坊间与装修营建相关争议,是无照包商与消费者做成现金交易,但消费者对品质不满意,却没有证据显示双方有过交易。 律师蔡玟慧指出,有照包商虽然价格较贵,但受到监管、不敢乱来,对消费者确实较有保障。新法生效後对无照包商很不利,消费者甚至可因他们并无执照为由,拒绝给付工程费用。 |
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