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生活百科
[2/5/12]違反法規受罰 影響房屋銷售 芝加哥論壇報網站報導,在購買房地產時,當你聽到「違反法規」(code violation)一詞,會想到什麼?大多數人會想到違反當地的建築物標準法規,但這只是70多種違規之一,而任何一種都可能傷害房屋的銷售。
最麻煩的違規就是欠繳房地產稅,和住戶委員會的各項費用。不過現在許多城市也積極警告那些未割草、後院有垃圾,和不好好照顧游泳池的屋主,通常這些違規發生於有問題的房屋,如被法院查封拍賣,或短賣(售價低於房貸欠款)的房屋,不過即使是房屋整潔,屋主是完美先生或夫人,有時也會出現違規的狀況。 違規事件即使買主不知情,罰單並不會消失,在房屋交割時,地方政府會要求繳清罰款,才能交割。有時開始是200元的未付罰款,多年下來會變成五、六位數字,在一個極端的例子中,佛羅里達州一個房地產的罰款為68萬4000元,大部分是狗叫擾人的罰款。通常這種罰款都可以談判降低為合理的金額,但談判過程會延誤交割的時間。 最普遍的違規是欠繳住戶委員會的管理費和會費,委員會因而對房屋申請留置權(lien),美國有16州和華府的住戶委員會有「超級留置權」,即對該委員會留置權的償還為第一順位,甚至超過房地產稅。 如果住戶委員會登記此留置權,即成為公共紀錄,產權公司一定會知道;如果該委員會未收回欠款,將會阻止房屋銷售。如果住戶委員會不知道房屋銷售,留置權將隨房屋轉移,成為新屋主的債務,除非透過訴訟,新屋主很難脫身。 業界人士表示,在被查封房屋和負資產最多的州和市場,如佛羅里達、內華達、亞利桑納州,以及加州與密西根州部分地區,違規的問題較嚴重。在佛州戴德郡,有許多非常大筆的罰款,但官員在知道有人願意解決現存的違規後,就不會再發出新的罰款,也願意把罰款大幅降低。不過舊金山和亞利桑納州馬利柯帕郡的官員對此則毫不通融。 Read more: 世界新聞網-北美華文新聞、華商資訊 - 違反法規受罰 影響房屋銷售 |
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